In addition to sun and water, since the beginning of the XIII century and the first fire there, or candle, a clock. This is a thin candle with a length of meter installed on the entire length of the scale. They are relatively accurate with time, but at night still covered the home and church and secular dignitaries, including governors, which were in the middle of XIII century, St. Louis, and in the XIV century – Karl V. To the sides of the candles are sometimes hung on metal pins, which, as of burning and melting wax fell, and their impact on the metal cup candelabras was sort of audible alarm time. Read the rest of this entry »

Interesting annular solar watches, one of the options for the road – and they both served as decorative pendants. The main part was brass ring of a few centimeters in diameter, combined with other mobile ring equipped with a hole to the solar beam. At the outer surface of the main ring engraved initials months, but against them on the inner surface, was the hour scale. Before the measurement it was necessary to rotate the lower ring, so that the hole for the beam was the name of the desired month. To measure the time clock exhibited so that the ray of sunlight passed through the hole and said hour scale. The first description of the hours – in a ring with a seal – in the book doctor Bonn, was published in Paris in 1500. Read the rest of this entry »